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15. Conclusion

Frequent visits to the Maltese neolithic temples and careful observations showed that there is some connection between the direction of winter solstice sunrise and at least eight of the early megalithic structures. Their orientation towards the south-east and the height of their main doorways permitted direct sunlight to enter into their innermost points in the main areas. Further observations showed some similarities between the temples regarding the behaviour of sunlight in their interior. All this suggested that winter sunlight may have influenced the plan of the earlier temples.

Later megalithic temples tended to be orientated towards the south and south-west, but they had basically the same plan as the earlier structures. More observations showed  that the plan of a temple was based on a formula consisting of four basic units of measurement. These are the d-unit, e-unit and h-unit, which were respectively responsible for the width, length and height of the main doorway. The internal parts of the temple were based on the x-unit based on the width of the stepped doorway.

It has been proposed that all the temples followed these basic principles. On the other hand, these principles also allowed for considerable variation, and every structure is unique as a result. A key realisation during this research was that the idea of a standard measurement such as the notion of a “megalithic yard”, was not required in the construction of these buildings. Instead, they are based on internal proportions between different parts of the structure itself. All that was needed for the planning of a temple was four short lengths of of rope or wood, no more than four meters long. Four simple things, that when combined with the needs and beliefs, together with the imagination and experience of our temple-builders, helped create the unique and wonderful monuments that have withstood the ravages of time for 5,000 years.

©  Mario Vassallo 2003

 

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Articles
1

Winter solstice sunrise

2

Sunlight in the main passage

3

The Trilithon Doorway

4

The Main doorway

5

The d-Unit 

6

The e-unit

7

Different style

8

The h-unit

9

The stepped doorway

10

The x-unit

11

Temples main passage

12

The Central Apse or Niche

13

The Lateral Apses

14

The Temple’s Interior Plan

15

Conclusions

16

Notes and References

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